Depressive symptoms and attachment problems can develop in women after childbirth. This chart shows the development of these symptoms in three groups: healthy mothers, those with anxiety disorder, and those with postpartum depression. Depression scores are measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS, 0-30, higher scores indicate more severe symptoms). Attachment is measured using the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS, 19-95, higher scores indicate stronger mother-infant bonds). Reference: Chechko, N.; Stickel, S.; Losse, E.; Shymanskaya, A.; Habel, U. Characterization of Depressive Symptom Trajectories in Women between Childbirth and Diagnosis. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 538. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12040538